Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the variables

Output

1686.7

1897.7

Direct inputs ( X _i )

 Land

Land amount

0.91

0.696

 Seed

Seed amount

17.78

14.167

 Oxen

Oxen number

17.54

27.86

 Labor

Labor amount

55.24

69.52

 Fertilizer

Fertilizer amount

126.82

144.52

Socioeconomic and institutional factors (Z _i )

 Sex

0.95

0.22

 Cluster

0.49

0.50

 Age

39.97

11.13

 Education

4.32

3.37

 Ox

1.22

1.03

 Income

39.33

50.81

 Extension contacts

4.21

6.33